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KOMODO NATIONAL PARK
Komodo National Park is located in the center of the Indonesian archipelago, between the islands of Sumbawa and Flores. Established in 1980, initially the main purpose of the Park was to conserve the unique Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) and its habitat. However, over the years, the goals for the Park have expanded to protecting its entire biodiversity, both terrestrial and marine. In 1986, the Park was declared a World Heritage Site and a Man and Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO, both indications of the Park's biological importance.
Komodo Island
Komodo National Park includes three major islands: Komodo, Rinca and Padar, as well as numerous smaller islands creating a total surface area (marine and land) of 1817km (proposed extensions would bring the total surface area up to 2,321km2). As well as being home to the Komodo dragon, the Park provides refuge for many other notable terrestrial species such as the orange-footed scrub fowl, an endemic rat, and the Timor deer. Moreover, the Park includes one of the richest marine environments including coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, seamounts, and semi-enclosed bays. These habitats harbor more than 1,000 species of fish, some 260 species of reef-building coral, and 70 species of sponges. Dugong, sharks, manta rays, at least 14 species of whales, dolphins, and sea turtles also make Komodo National Park their home.
Komodo national park beach
Threats to terrestrial biodiversity include the increasing
pressure on forest cover and water resources as the local human population has
increased 800% over the past 60 years. In addition, the Timor deer population,
the preferred prey source for the endangered Komodo dragon, is still being
poached. Destructive fishing practices such as dynamite-, cyanide, and
compressor fishing severely threaten the Park's marine resources by destroying
both the habitat (coral reefs) and the resource itself (fish and invertebrate
stocks). The present situation in the Park is characterized by reduced but
continuing destructive fishing practices primarily by immigrant fishers, and
high pressure on demersal stocks like lobsters, shellfish, groupers and
napoleon wrasse. Pollution inputs, ranging from raw sewage to chemicals, are
increasing and may pose a major threat in the future.
Komodo
Today, the Komodo National Park and Putri Naga
Komodo, PT are working together to protect the Park's vast resources. Our goals
are to protect the Park's biodiversity (both marine and terrestrial) and the
breeding stocks of commercial fishes for replenishment of surrounding fishing
grounds. The main challenge is to reduce both threats to the resources and
conflicts between incompatible activities. Both parties have a long term
commitment to protecting the marine biodiversity of Komodo National Park.
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